Compromisso histórico de 1,7 mil milhões de dólares para apoiar os povos indígenas e as comunidades locais na proteção das florestas, assumido na COP26 de Glasgow

Os guardiões de Tsodilo Hills desempenham um papel ativo como administradores da floresta tropical seca e da savana no norte do Botsuana. Foto: Devon Jenkins para a Isfmi.

Em 2 de novembro de 2021, na COP26 de Glasgow, o Reino Unido, a Alemanha, os EUA e os Países Baixos, juntamente com 17 outros financiadores, comprometeram-se a apoiar os Povos Indígenas e as comunidades locais, salientando o seu papel comprovado como gestores e administradores florestais na prevenção da desflorestação que alimenta mudança de clima. Ao aumentar a visibilidade dos Povos Indígenas na Cimeira dos Líderes Mundiais, os doadores também se comprometeram a fornecer financiamento diretamente às comunidades e prometeram-lhes um papel na "tomada de decisões e conceção" de programas climáticos e instrumentos financeiros. Este texto foi reimpresso por cortesia do Fundo Christensen, um dos 17 financiadores que assumiram o compromisso.

"GLASGOW (2 de novembro de 2021) - O Reino Unido, a Noruega, a Alemanha, os EUA e os Países Baixos, em parceria com o Fundo Christensen e 16 outros financiadores, comprometeram-se hoje a investir 1,7 mil milhões de dólares para ajudar as comunidades indígenas e locais a proteger as florestas tropicais biodiversas que são vitais para proteger o planeta de mudança de clima, perda de biodiversidade e risco de pandemia, de acordo com um anúncio feito hoje numa Cimeira de Líderes Mundiais de alto nível na COP26.

"Estamos a demonstrar hoje o nosso compromisso ao anunciar uma contribuição colectiva inicial de pelo menos 1,7 mil milhões de dólares de financiamento confirmado para apoiar o avanço dos direitos de posse da floresta dos povos indígenas e das comunidades locais e o seu papel de administradores das florestas e da natureza", diz um comunicado divulgado hoje pelos doadores. "Tencionamos continuar a trabalhar neste sentido nos anos seguintes, aumentando o financiamento à medida que forem surgindo programas e propostas ambiciosos. Apelamos também a outros doadores para que aumentem significativamente o seu apoio a esta importante agenda".

Indigenous Peoples and local communities manage half the world’s land and care for an astonishing 80% of Earth’s biodiversity, primarily under customary tenure arrangements. A recent study showed, however, that Indigenous communities and organizations receive less than 1% of the climate funding meant to reduce deforestation. 
 
“Climate justice is only possible with full support of the rights of Indigenous Peoples,” said The Christensen Fund CEO Carla Fredericks. “Across the globe, and especially in the forests and other sensitive natural habitats that are key to averting absolute climate collapse, Indigenous Peoples hold millennia’s worth of wisdom and connection to natural environments, which can, and already has proven to, mitigate climate change and restore biodiversity. The Christensen Fund joins this pledge in recognition of the importance of the rights and self determination of Indigenous Peoples in climate finance commitments.”

“This pledge signals our commitment to protecting the world’s tropical forests and those who live in them,” said Lord Goldsmith, Minister of State for Pacific and the Environment. “The evidence is overwhelming that Indigenous Peoples and local communities are forests’ most effective guardians, often in the face of acute danger, and so they should be at the heart of nature-based solutions to the climate emergency. By investing in tropical forest communities and expanding their communal rights, we will also tackle poverty, pollution, and pandemics.”
 
Among the philanthropic groups joining the new pledge at a critical moment for addressing the climate crisis are the Ford Foundation, Children's Investment Fund Foundation, the Christensen Fund, David and Lucile Packard Foundation, Sobrato Philanthropies, Good Energies Foundation, Oak Foundation, William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, and, as part of the Protecting our Planet Challenge members, Arcadia, Bezos Earth Fund, Bloomberg Philanthropies, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Nia Tero, Rainforest Trust, Re:wild, Rob and Melani Walton Foundation and the Wyss Foundation. 
 
For years, only about $270 million of climate finance has been dedicated to forest protection each year, yet the Indigenous Peoples and local communities that protect the world’s forests directly receive only $46 million. With today’s announcement, the governments and funders hope to take a first step toward correcting an unjust system that has failed to favor communities that have the knowledge and capacity to outperform most other forest managers.
 
Researchers suggest that forests can contribute as much as 37% toward climate mitigation goals that governments committed to in the 2015 Paris Agreement. Protecting forests, which harbour precious biodiversity, also helps to prevent encounters with wildlife that can encourage the spillover of potentially dangerous pathogens into human populations.
 
A growing body of evidence shows that Indigenous Peoples are the most effective guardians of biodiverse tropical forests, which are increasingly under siege; UN experts recently urged climate negotiators at COP26 to respond with urgency to the destruction of precious ecosystems.
 
And yet the evidence, including a new study released in October, suggests the urgent need to scale up solutions to combat the destruction of tropical forests. In a comprehensive analysis of progress on a global commitment to protect forests, the authors called for recognizing and securing the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities and for making the communities “central to setting goals and priorities for forest activities.”         
 
“There is no viable solution to the climate crisis without forest and land management by Indigenous Peoples and local communities who have proven that they are the best guardians of the world’s forests,” said Darren Walker, president of the Ford Foundation. “This historic $1.7 billion pledge is a challenge to all funders to do far more to support and partner with Indigenous Peoples and local communities who hold a key solution to climate change, and have them lead the way.”
 
In a statement signed by philanthropic and government leaders and released today, the funders promised “to further recognise and advance the forest and nature stewardship role of Indigenous Peoples and local communities, in partnership with governments and other stakeholders, with a particular focus on strengthening land tenure systems and protecting the tenure and resource rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities.” 
 
The statement goes on to commit the signatories “to prioritise the inclusion of Indigenous Peoples and local communities in decision-making and in the design and implementation of relevant programmes and finance instruments, recognising the interests of vulnerable and marginalised groups including women and girls, people with disabilities, and youth.”
 
In his presentation at the World Leaders Summit today, Tuntiak Katan, a Shuar from Ecuador and an Indigenous leader representing the Global Alliance of Territorial Communities, cited data showing that 12.2 million hectares of forest were destroyed in 2020. Katan welcomed the unprecedented commitment by donors to support and partner with Indigenous and local communities on the front lines of the climate crisis and called it a major step forward in advancing the goals of the Paris climate agreement. But he noted the new commitments for protecting tropical forests and their guardians will require significant political will on the part of governments and the support of the global economic and political sectors. 
 
“We hold the best carbon capture technology our planet has to offer—our forests,” said Katan, whose alliance brings together elected leaders from the world’s largest tracts of forests in Indonesia, Africa, and Latin America and represents 35 million forest communities. “The work to protect the planet’s future will only be successful in partnership with Indigenous Peoples and local communities. We want to work with you to transform this world and to change people’s hearts. We are the solution you are looking for.”